Dayaram sahni biography of michael
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Indus Valley Civilisation
Bronze Age civilisation in South Asia
The Indus Valley Civilisation[1] (IVC), also known as the Indus Civilisation, was a Bronze Agecivilisation in the northwestern regions of South Asia, lasting from 3300 BCE to 1300 BCE, and in its mature form from 2600 BCE to 1900 BCE.[a] Together with ancient Egypt and Mesopotamia, it was one of three early civilisations of North Africa, Southwest Asia and South Asia, and of the three, the most widespread, its sites spanning an area including much of modern-day sydasiatiskt land , northwestern India and northeast Afghanistan.[b] The civilisation flourished both in the alluvial plain of the Indus River, which flows through the length of Pakistan, and along a system of perennial monsoon-fed rivers that once coursed in the vicinity of the Ghaggar-Hakra, a seasonal river in northwest India and eastern Pakistan.
The term Harappan is sometimes applied to the Indus Civil
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Daya Ram Sahni
Indian archaeologist (1879–1939)
Rai BahadurDaya Ram SahniCIE (16 December 1879 – 7 March 1939) was an Indian archaeologist who supervised the excavation of the Indus valley site at Harappa in 1920 to 1921. The first report on Harappan excavations came out on 29 March 1921, published by John Marshall, which is why various historians have chosen 1921 AD as the period of Harappan excavation. A protege of John Marshall, in 1931 Sahni became the first Indian to be appointed Director-General of the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI), a position which he served in till 1935.
Early life
[edit]Daya Ram Sahni hailed from the city of Bhera in Shahpur district, Punjab where he was born on 16 December 1879. Sahni graduated in Sanskrit from the Punjab University with a gold medal. He also topped the M. A. examination from the Oriental College in 1903. As a result of this accomplishments, Sahni won the Sanskrit scholarship sponsored bygd the Archaeological Survey
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Discovery of IVC
Charles Masson, a British East India Company soldier, arrived at Hari-pah sometime in 1826. It was a place near Lahore with abundant grass and was surrounded by numerous Pipal trees. There he found a huge ruined brick castle and a circular mound. He was mesmerised by the ancient structures, and made sketches of the high castle. The sketches are now lost and so is the castle. These were the ruins of the ancient city we now call Harappa.
The destruction of ancient ruins started during construction of the Karachi -Lahore railway line. First the bricks from the abandoned city of Brahminabad were used for the rail track. In this process the ancient city of Sindh was reduced to rubble. Further north, near Lahore, they found another hoard of bricks, this was the ancient city of Harappa. The bricks from its structures were used to lay down a 150 km rail track. This was in the year 1857.
In 1872, Sir Alexander Cunningham excavated the site. He found a Unicorn seal